Monday, 16 February 2015

Outline the different ways possible to produce and consume films with advantages and disadvantages

The way we produce and consume films has changed in many different ways in recent year. This change has occurred because of the proliferation of hardware. Proliferation of Hardware refers to the increase at a rapid rate of which technology is changes, it refers to technology such as digital cameras, 3D cameras, iphones and ipads, it can also refer to the internet and the increase in social networking and interactivity due to the fact that the internet is now a built in features on all smart phones. With these chances came a large change in the number of platforms that films can be viewed on in the old days you had to wait and watch a film at the cinema before waiting and watching them at home, there was no instant access to films and films had to be watched at home. There are multiple different ways in which films can now be viewed both at home or on the go, these vary from mobile phone to HD films on the internet to illegally downloading films. 

The proliferation of hardware has effected the film production industry because of the development of 3D cameras, special effects and CGI (Computer Generated Images), however this only really benefits the major productions company because they can afford all the equipment however small independent won’t be able to afford the equipment meaning these types of films will be become less and less popular as people expect to see these features in films. The distribution industry has changed a lot because of new features such as video games and the internet has changed promotion for small companies that can’t afford a lot of promotion because the can create websites and social networking pages for little to no money meaning it costs them nothing to promote their film. The Exhibition industry has been changed as well due to the proliferation of hardware. Cinemas now include 3D and 4D viewing and they also show live events and sporting events, the way  films are consumed has also change with the introduction of DVD’s, Blu-ray and Netfilxs.

The proliferation of hardware has brought many positive and negative effects. The positives are that more people can access films on of different platforms, this means they can be watched whenever they are wanted. The proliferation of hardware has also brought new opportunities for distribution and exhibition companies. The negatives of the proliferation of hardware is there are growing problems with piracy and this causes loss of revenue, there is also a loss of control on audiences by film distributions and exhibitors.

In 1967 the first IMAX opened at an expo in Montreal with Kroltor’s film ‘in the labyrinth’. The advantages of the Imax was that it was able to immerse the audience in the film by using high quality image technology along with 6 channel surround sound that was arranged in such a way that every member of the viewing audience could hear every sound that was heard within the film, the IMAX also acts as a blocker to piracy as it is a unique experience for the audience. One disadvantage of the IMAX is that it is such an expensive way for a consumer to view a film with tickets to the IMAX costing around £20 per ticket.

In 1976 came the development of digital video cameras which lead to the disuse of video cameras that used film. Digital video cameras are incredibly cheap compared to the original 35mm method. This was a good development for both wealthy production companies and indie production companies. Digital cameras also removed the need for film prints to be transported therefore saving the production companies money. Digital cameras removed the need for a toxic process that was required to manufacture films, the toxic process was extremely harmful to the environment. They also allow for technological convergence with hardware like sound equipment to make the whole process cheaper. However digital cameras also have a huge disadvantage to film industry as they can be used to pirate films from inside a cinema.

In 1979  HD was introduced which allowed production companies to develop and deliver a higher quality of film it also gave the diversity into how the audience views a film. HD was seen as a success until Christopher Nolan argued that it is lower quality than the traditional 35mm method of creating films.

1982 saw the introduction of the Internet, the internet provides increased exposure changes for both large and small production companies. The internet also provides more support for up and coming film makers with competitions such as Virgin Media Shorts, there is much more creative effects as seen in Lost’s viral alternative reality games ‘The Lost Experience’. The internet also means that viewing audiences can download and watch content far easier thanks to services like Iplayer, Netfilx and Itunes. The internet also means prosumers can market their own content through sites such as Youtube and Vine. The internet can mean that word about your film can get around a lot faster through the use of forums, this can be both an advantage and a disadvantage. One disadvantage of the Internet is that it allows for a mass sharing of film torrents.

In September 1989 Tablets were introduced as a new technology, Tablets offer practical on the go viewing compared to the small screens on smart phones, however they can reduce the effects of the film on the large audiences as the films aren’t created to be viewed on such a small screen, they are meant to be viewed on large and more encompassing screens where they full quality of the film can be appreciated.

CGI was brought in, in 1991 and created a completely new kind of film where production companies are able to display effects and different visual aspects with verisimilitude that would be difficult or even impossible without CGI. With the use of CGI anything can be shot for a less money by using a green screen and editing software this is a benefit for both small and large production companies, however this may be a push out for indie film makers because they don’t have the funds or the equipment to make the films that use CGI and this means that if they don’t use CGI audience wouldn’t want to watch them as they get more used to watch films that use CGI.
1993 saw the introduction of the Smartphone, smart phones support the prosumer as they can make high quality videos on their phone for example Pan Chan Wook shot a whole film just using his smart phone. Smartphones also support the choice of watching films on the go as most people have a smartphone and they normally have their smartphone on them at all times meaning that they can watch films where ever they go. However smartphones are also impractical for watching films on as even the bigger smart phones only have a 5 inch screen and this can again, like tablets, reduces the effects of the film on the viewing audience.

Video on Demand or VoD was first introduced in 1994. VoD gives the consumer complete control over when and where they watch films as they can be viewed at any time. VoD also gives a cheap solution to piracy because there is less need for piracy if the film is constantly available and it supports the creation of new content. However VoD has also destroyed shop services such as blockbuster because there is no need to go to a shop and rent films when it can be done at home while sitting on the sofa and the film can be instantly viewed. VoD services have also cause a significant drop in DVD sales because VoD is so popular.

1998 was the introduction of the Digital Video Projector which offered a cheap solution for exhibitors as they don’t have to spend a lot on a reel film and they don’t  wear out like the traditional projectors however they do detract from the traditional method of using a reel of film.
DVD’s were introduced in 1991 which was a far cheaper method of distributing films to consumer as it is far cheaper method than VHS it also gave consumer more control in terms of when they want to watch the film. However on major downside of DVD’s is that it is a far cheaper platform for people to pirate films off of compared to VHS.

In 2002 Blu-rays were introduced giving consumers the option of watch the film in high quality compared to the quality of DVD’s. Blu-rays also support the film restoration movement. Blu-rays also have a major downside where they force consumers to update their existing technology as its rendered archaic by the production company.


To conclude the proliferation of hardware has effected the way we produce and consume films because the way we produce and consume film is constantly changing and adapting to the changes in modern technology. Every change in modern technology both benefits and hinders the film industry as they all have advantages and disadvantages.  

Monday, 9 February 2015

An investigation into Disney and how the different companies work together to promote a film.

Disney was founded on the 16th of October 1923 by Roy O. Disney and Walt Disney. Its headquaters are in Burbank, California in the United States of America. The current CEO and Chairman of Disney is Robert 'Bob' Iger. Robert was given the promotion to CEO of Disney on the 25th of February 1999. Disney currently has over 180,00 employees working for it making it the 2nd largest broadacasting company in the world after Comcast. Disney has 12 theme parks all over the world however this is soon to become 13 as one is currently being built in Shanghai China. The Disney Resort in Shanghai is set to open in late 2015 early 2016.

Disney has a huge number of stores, with over 200 stores in North America,  40 in Japan and 80 spread over Belgium, Denmark, France, Spain, Italy, Ireland, Portugal and the United Kingdom. These store are spread around the countrys well however there are many local to Harlow and the surrounding area. 
Disney has had over 684 theatrical features as of 28th of May 2014. The first theatrical release was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs and the last release at that date was Malificent. Disney is also has 7 stage shows currently on stage, these are Aladdin, Lion King, Newsies, Disney on Ice, Disney Junior live and Disney Live. Disney on Ice currently has 6 shows on tour these include Worlds of Fantasy, Treasure Trove, Frozen, Princesses and Heroes, Lets Celebrate and Passport to Adventure. Disney's Junior Live show is currently Pirate and Princess Adventure. Disney Live currently has 3 shows Mickeys Magic Show, Mickeys Music Festival and  3 Classic Fairytales. The longest disney on ice show is Passport to Adventure which this year has been running 20 years the show opened on the 12th of October 1995. Aladdin is the newest live show from Disney which only opened on the 20th of March 2014. 
Between the years 1931 and 1968 Disney won 32 Academy Awards, this is the most individual awards won by one company. Disney won its first Academy Award in 1932 in the caterogy for Best Short Subject Cartoon with a short film called Flowers and Trees. One of Dinesy most recent Academy Awards was Best Animated Feature Film of the Year with Frozen.



Disney also has multiple different TV channels. It is responsible for Disney Channel which was was pre lunched in 1982 before being launched in 1983. There also was a channel called Toon Disney which ran from 1998 to 2009 before the channel was replaced by Disney XD later that year. Disney also had its own film channel which was launched in March 2006 before it was shut in March 2013 because Sky Movies Disney was launched as a replacement. Disney Junior was launched in 2012. Disney also ahs its own radio station called Radio Disney. Radio Disney was launched in 1996.










In terms of the different companies coming together  I will be looking at how the different companies came together to help maximise exposure and profit of Frozen.

Disney used its shops to maximise exposure and profit by introducing costumes and accessories if the characters Anna, Elsa and Olaf, they also introduced toys for Anna, Elsa, Olaf and Sven, it also included game sets, puzzles and stationary sets. They also relased multiple differnet DVD such as normal and sing-a-long. Some of the DVDs had limited edition slipcases of both Elsa and Olaf these where more expensive than the DVD's without the slipcase on however the fact that they were limited edition meant that they were more desirable and ment that people where more likely to buy them because they want to feel like they have something that nobody else has. There where also different CD's avalible including the soundtrack, sing-a-long and karaoke, these all sold well and the fact that Let it go was in the charts and made it into the top 10 or better also helped with the exposure and profit of frozen.. There where also books created to go along with the film for example one of the books was title 'A Sister Like Me'.

Another way in which Frozen has been given maximum exposure and to ensure maximum profit, the film was given its own Disney on Ice show and Anna and Elsa now also appear in the Disney on Ice Princess and Heroes show, this means that the show haas been given maximum exposure because they have been given their own show, there is currently no other film with its own version of it on Ice making it very original and stand out as it is only one set of characters while the other Disney on Ice shows contain multiple different charcaters from all differnt films. 


Competitions were also started to try and keep interest in the film going, these where done on the disney channel website meaning that it was easily accessible for most fans of the film and disney itself know to look for competions and other information about the film and other programmes, the use of competions means that people are given the chance to win something that they really want, the last competition the prize was a Frozen Special Edition Gift Pack, the fact that it was special edition is a unique sellimg point because it is special edition making the prize more desirable to people because it means not many people are going to have the items making people want it more meaning that more people will get invloved.

Disney have introduced the charcters of Frozen to their parks introducing the chance to meet Anna and Elsa and watch them in multiple different shows including, Anna and Elsa's Royal Welcome, For the First Time in Forever; A Frozen Sing-along Celebration and Olafs Snow Fest!. Disney also introduced Frozen Break the Ice which included sing-alongs, ice skating and a fireworks spectacular. Disney are also maximusing exposure by converting an old and unpopular ride and turning it into a new ride for Frozen the ride is set to open early in 2016, the ride will be at Epcot, commonly known as the Permanent World's Fair. Frozens world of Arendelle will replace Norway in Epcot with the Frozen ride being based around the existing Maelstrom ride featuring within Norway. The ride will  immurse the fans in their favourite Frozen moments and music that all featured in the film. Frozen was a holiday attraction at the Magic Kingdom this involved a christmas parade featuring all of the Frozen characters which ended at the Magic Castle which Elsa then froze to show her power. Disney also extended the Frozen Summer Fun at the Magic Kingdom till the end of September because it was so popular among tourists.

Disney have not yet stated whether or not there will be a sequal to Frozen however there is a short film currently being made called Frozen Fever it will feature the 4 most popular characters from Frozen, Elsa, Anna, Kristoff, Sven and Olaf. The feature is only 7 minutes long and will be relased on the 13th of March 2015, it will premier before the new Cinderella film.  The film will again be about Elsa not being able to contorl her powers.

Frozen also has its own app which is a game called Frozen Free Fall involving swapping shapes this has been well marketed as it features lots of charcters including some of the lesser know characters like Grand Pabbie. Frozen Free Fall was well marketed to make sure that it was downloaded by a lot of people. Frozen Free Fall is a free games to download however there are in app purchases meaning that Disney still get money from the app even though it was free to download.  Frozen Free Fall is a Disney version of Candy Crush which is on the most popular games played, this is clever marketing as it attracts both fans of Frozen and of Candy Crush as the game is similar.


Tuesday, 3 February 2015

Research how Ill Manors was marketed and promoted



One way in which Ill Manors was promoted was through the posters that were used. All together there where 8 different posters that were used through the promotion of the film. Each poster was similar in content but different in design. On all of the posters the words 'Plan B presents' this has been used because Plan B is a well known name that many people know so has been used to attracted audiences to the film purely because they like Plan B. The fact that Plan B is involved is a promotional tool as he promoted the film on social media though his pages. The single Ill Manors was released on the 25th March 2012 just over 2 months before the film was released although the song only reached number 6 in the UK, the song would still attract an audience that doesn't normally watch that kind of films. The use of cross promotion of between the film and the album meant that 

 the film got more promotion as people could easily associate the CD with the film because of the use of a similar colour scheme on the poster as is used on the CD cover and the title is exactly the same on the CD as it is on the film poster, this makes them both easily associable with each other meaning that if people see one of them it will remind them of the other one meaning that they are both getting promotion of the other. A music video was also released for the song Ill Manors which was filmed in the same location as the film although none of the film is actually shown in the video, this is good marketing as it means that fans of Plan B's music will then recognise the location from the music video this may influence whether people see the film or not because they recognise the location used in both the music video and in the film


A second way in which the film was promoted was through a trailer 


The trailer gives the audience a brief idea of what is going to happen in the film however it doesn't tell the audience much about exactly what happens in the film. The film creates lots of enigma codes, these make the audience want to find out what happens to the characters in the film. The trailer also uses a quote from a magazine which could work as a persuasive device because people like reviews because they give the viewers a sense of how good the film is and whether it is worth going to watch the film or not. The trailer is very memorable due to the fact that it is both in colour and in black and white, it flows to and from colours smoothly and you almost don't notice it, the trailer is also memorable because the song in the trailer is Ill Manors by Plan B and because the song is already well known it means that it makes the trailer memorable, the trailer also uses Plan B's voice as a voice over which is good because his voice is easily recognisable and people know who it is just from hearing it. This will also attract fans of Plan B because they will instantly now who the voice is and this will make them want to go and see the film.

The film was also promoted through a big première in Leicester Square London. This allowed people to come and see who was in but it also included many other celebrities. The fact that other celebrities were included in the premier, this meant that many other people would come to the première just to see their favourite celebrity this may make the fans of those celebrities want to see the film as they will think their favourite celebrities like the film so there for will want to see the film. Many famous people attended the premier including Ed Sheeran, Alesha Dixon, Professor Green and Millie Mackintosh, all of theses celebrities have a different type of audience so the fact that they were in attendance of the event at the meant that their fans would want to see the show.
The day after the event Professor Green and Ed Sheeran took to twitter to encourage fans to see the film, this is good promotion because it is getting the film out there using other peoples twitter rather than just the films twitter
















The film was also promoted through radio and television adverts. Radio adverts were played on BBC radios such as 1 and 2 and the TV adverts were played on E4 and channel 4. The fact that the advert was played on E4 to access a different audience as channel 4 and E4 both target different ages, E4 is targeted at a younger audience than channel 4 because it shows programmes that are aimed at a younger audience. This is the same as BBC radio 1 and 2. Radio 1 is aimed at a younger audience than Radio 2 this can be discovered due to the different types of music that they play.

Ill Manors used social networking sites to keep its fans up to date with things going on to do with the film. The use of social media allowed fans to follow the progress of the film without having to wait for information as they can instantly access the information that they want to know. Social Media is free to use meaning the this is a great form of free publicity which is good for films like Ill Manors where there is little to no budget to spend on promotion.  
By using social media, it made the film easily accessible to all different kinds of people, many people spend a lot of time look though social media meaning that people could find it easily, by using both Twitter and Facebook the film gets to many people as not every person on Facebook has a Twitter account, this made the audience wider and helped to make the film become more popular.



Ill Manors also had a website.

The website contains all the elements that people would want to find on a film website, such as links to the trailer, details about the synopsis and photos from the film. The website has been used to helps people easily find out everything that they want to know about the film. On the webpage there is also page about Ben Drew, Plan B, this will appeal to fans of Plan B fans as this tells them information about the reason the film was made and different things about Plan B that people may not have know both Plan B and Ill Manors. The website is a good idea because they are very cheap if not free to set up so it is great publicity the cost nothing which is good because it costs very little which is good for independent which have no promotional budget.